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Long-Term Lung Issues Plague Mild COVID Survivors One Year Later, Study Reveals
A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Amsterdam has shed light on the long-term impact of COVID-19 on lung health. The findings indicate that even individuals who experienced mild cases of COVID-19 may continue to suffer from lung damage up to a year after their initial infection, affecting 25 percent of the study participants.
The research aimed to better understand the extent and recovery of pulmonary impairment across the full spectrum of COVID-19 severity over time. The study followed 349 participants from May 2020 to December 2021, with 301 of them undergoing at least one pulmonary function test. After one year, it was found that 25 percent of the participants still had impaired pulmonary function. Specifically, this affected 11 percent of those with mild cases, 22 percent of those with moderate cases, and 48 percent of those with severe/critical cases of COVID-19.
The study also revealed that improvement in pulmonary function continued over time, with noticeable progress at one, six, and twelve months. However, certain factors were associated with slower improvement, including older age, having more than three underlying health conditions (comorbidities), and initially experiencing severe/critical COVID-19.
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The good news is that, in most cases, these lung conditions improved over time, and by the end of the 12-month follow-up period, the pulmonary function of many participants was comparable to that of individuals without any impaired lung function.
The researchers emphasised that their findings highlight the importance of focusing on revalidation and rehabilitation efforts for individuals who initially had moderate and severe/critical COVID-19. These insights are consistent with previous studies that have also observed a connection between the severity of COVID-19 and restrictive pulmonary function, especially in the year following infection.
Furthermore, the study suggests that the ongoing improvement in pulmonary function observed in individuals with severe/critical disease may be attributed to less damage to the lower respiratory tract during the acute phase of the disease, particularly in mild and moderate cases of COVID-19.
1 In 4 Mild Covid Survivors Face Impaired Lungs A Year Later: Study
London, Sep 13 (IANS) One-fourth or 25 per cent of patients who had even mild Covid infections continued to suffer from lung damage, a year later, according to a study. There is increasing data that show a persistently impaired pulmonary function upon recovery after severe infection. Little is known however about the extent, recovery and determinants of pulmonary impairment across the full spectrum of Covid-19 severity over time.
To determine, researchers from the University of Amsterdam, measured pulmonary function of 349 participants until one year after disease onset.
Between May 2020 and December 2021, 301 of 349 participants underwent at least one pulmonary function test. After one year of follow-up, 25 per cent of the participants had an impaired pulmonary function which translates in 11 per cent, 22 per cent, and 48 per cent of the participants with mild, moderate and severe/critical Covid.
Improvement among the participants continued over the period across one, six and twelve months. Being older, having more than three comorbidities and initial severe/critical disease were associated with slower improvement of pulmonary function over time.
The conditions improved over time and at 12 months was comparable to individuals without impaired pulmonary function.
"Our findings indicate that one-fourth of patients still have impaired the single-breath diffusing capacity 12 months after infection," the researchers said.
"The prevalence of impaired pulmonary function after twelve months of follow-up, was still significant among those with initially moderate or severe/critical Covid-19. Pulmonary function increased over time in most of the severity groups," the researchers said.
"These data imply that guidelines regarding revalidation after Covid-19 should target individuals with moderate and severe/critical disease severities," they added in the paper published in the journal PLOS One.
The association between severity of Covid-19 and restrictive pulmonary function has also been observed in previous studies with follow-up of up to one year.
Over 12 months of follow-up, an ongoing improvement in pulmonary function was observed in the severe/critical disease severity group. In the moderate disease severity group this improvement in pulmonary function began to wane after the first 12 months for individuals.
"This waning is likely the result of less involvement of the lower respiratory tract and thus less damage of the lung parenchyma during the acute phase of the disease in mild and moderate disease severities," the team said.
–IANS
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